肥胖会影响你的工作吗?

Can Your Weight Keep You From Getting a Job?Obesity is one of the nation's(这里指美国) greatest public health problems. According to the Center for Disease Control, an estimated 64 percent of U.S. adults are either overweight or obese. Studies show that overweight Americans suffer medical ailments more often than their slimmer peers – from diabetes（糖尿病） and hypertension（高血压） to degenerative conditions like arthritis and many types of cancer.And if that news isn't enough to get you on the treadmill（踏车，跑步机）, chew on this: Studies also show that out-of-shape Americans earn less on average than their co-workers do. Not only can being fit cost you less in medical bills and insurance, it can earn you more on the job.Al Mientus, an executive recruiter for Pinnacle Partnership, says employers are "significantly less inclined" to hire the overweight. "It has to do with an employer's perception of work ethic," he says. "Employers believe that if you were hard-working and ambitious you would stay in shape."The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA) states that only one in 11 top male executives is overweight. The message is clear: Those who are fit enough to climb are more likely to make it to the top of the ladder.Academic studies provide further proof that being in shape can boost your earning potential. A University of Michigan study reported that the total net worth of moderately to severely obese women is as much as 60 percent below average. And a Cornell study by John Cawley, professor of policy analysis, found that overweight Caucasian women earn 9 percent less than those who are slim.So will being out of shape keep you from getting a job? Another Cawley study indicates for mid-level and entry level jobs, "...there is no effect of weight on the probability of employment or sector of occupation." But carrying some extra pounds can hurt your chances of climbing the ladder. "At the executive level, being overweight will hinder your chances of employment," Mientus says.If building a better body will help you build a better career, what steps should you take for a job-boosting physique? Mientus tells his clients to approach body improvement like they approach improving their job skills. Here are his suggested solutions:
Define your goals: "Just like identifying that you have to improve certain work skills, you must also identify what health skills you need to improve," Mientus says. Whether it's altering your diet or getting more aerobic exercise, even building muscle mass, it's important to set goals for improvement.
Schedule healthy activities: "You have to make appointments for exercise and eating right, just like you schedule time in your day for meetings or training that will boost your skills or network," Mientus says.
Find a mentor: "The best mentor is one that is at your workplace with you – someone who fits exercise into their work day," Mientus says. If you can't find someone at work who can lead by example, a spouse or friend is also a good choice. "Someone who will see you every day to help remind and guide you is very helpful," he adds.
Dress the part: Once you start to get in better shape, choose clothes that tastefully show off your new physique. "Fit people naturally look more confident, but good clothes that fit well accentuate that confident look," Mientus notes.So on your next lunch break, grab a workout with the sales manager and then join her for an Evian and chicken quesadilla (hold the sour cream). Your thinner body, and fatter wallet, will thank you!

越来越多的外国人来中国工作

Ministry: More Foreigners Working in China
A lack of qualified personnel in both the private and public sectors has seen the number of foreigners working in the country soar.Expatriates legally employed in the country last year almost doubled compared with three years earlier, reaching a record high of more than 150,000, according to the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.The rise is mainly seen in overseas-funded companies and local offices of multinationals as they expand rapidly in the coastal areas as well as big cities in the inland provinces.The most sought-after positions include those in information technology (IT) and management, including human resources and finance departments.In Shanghai alone, where more than half of the global top 500 multinationals have a presence, an estimated 40,000 foreigners work.The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs is also hiring foreign experts every year."Foreigners with managerial and professional skills are welcome to work in China," said Gao Lin, an official with the ministry's employment department, adding that more are coming after the country joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001.Lack of talents to fill new positions is a major reason behind the influx of foreign professionals.The IT and telecommunications sectors, new materials and energies, high-tech and financial industries are particularly in need of foreign talent, said Wang Tongxun, a senior expert with the Chinese Academy of Personnel Science under the Ministry of Personnel."It means greater opportunities for both domestic and overseas talented people," he said. But since most domestic jobseekers cannot meet the requirements, foreigners fill the breach.For instance, senior personnel in finance and accounting, like finance controllers, are urgently needed, Mercer Consulting said in a mid-March report after it co-sponsored a survey with the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA).But most senior accounting positions are taken by expatriates, it said.Key positions such as marketing managers of overseas enterprises and foreign-funded hotels, and top posts in banks and manufacturers are also mostly taken by foreigners.For these jobs, "expatriates are paid two to three times higher than their local counterparts," said Alan Zhang, who leads Mercer's Human Capital Product Solutions business in China."Most expatriates used to take up senior managerial or senior technical positions. But since 2004, there is an increasing trend to assign expatriates at middle management and professional level," he added.

Google显示：爱尔兰人是世界上最孤独的人 Ireland Home to Lonely Surfers

Google显示：爱尔兰人是世界上最孤独的人 Ireland Home to Lonely Surfers
The Google Trends service, which works out how many times users in a particular region search for specific terms, has pinpointed "lonely" as the search term most frequently entered by Irish users. The service looks at a sample of Google web searches in order to formulate its results, using IP address information to pinpoint location -- and the outlook is not too bright for Ireland's online population. Despite a booming economy, Dublin came out top of the "lonely" searchers when the list was broken down into cities, indicating that the capital may have a high proportion of internet users who feel isolated. Melbourne, Australia, came second, while Auckland, New Zealand, came third. 爱尔兰可能正在因经济持续增长和被评为世界上最适合居住的国家而沾沾自喜，但Google搜索引擎上的记录发现，爱尔兰人是世界上最孤独的人。 据路透社5月15日报道，尽管经历一个多世纪的经济萧条后，爱尔兰人正迎来经济的复苏。同时，在2004年被《经济学家》杂志评为世界上最适合居住的国家后，爱尔兰开始迎来大批移民。然而，爱尔兰人在网上最常输入的一词却是“孤独”。 Google搜索引擎上的记录显示，爱尔兰首都都柏林的人成为在网上输入“孤独”一词最多的人，其次是澳大利亚的墨尔本和新西兰的奥克兰的人。

10% of Chinese live in poverty 中国10%的人口处于国际贫困线之下

Around 48 million Chinese live below China's domestic poverty line, accounting for 3.7 % of the total population. Based on international standards, 135 million Chinese live below the general poverty line, or 10% of the population. The numbers come from the "Report of the Development of an Overall Well-off Society (2006)," China's first blue book to be published on building an overall well off society, Beijing Evening News reports. The report reveals there are 26 million needy people in China's countryside. Another 22 million living in cities subsist below minimum subsistence levels , or the poverty line. These 48 million people account for 3.7% of the total population in China. According to international standards, however, the needy refer to those whose personal daily expenses average below $1. The World Bank estimates about 135 million of Chinese live below the international poverty line. These people are the key group China should show concern for in building an overall well-off society. 中国约有4800万人口生活在国内贫困线以下，占全国人口总数的3.7％；而按照国际标准计算，目前全国有1亿3千5百万人口处于贫困线以下，相当于总人口的10％。 据北京晚报报道，这组数据出自即将出版的《中国全面小康发展报告（2006）》，这是我国首部有关建设全面小康社会的蓝皮书。 报告中说，目前全国农村的贫困人口达2600万，城镇居民中处于最低保障线（贫困线）以下的人口达到2200万。两者总计共4800万人，占我国总人口的3.7％。 贫困人口的国际标准即每人每日平均支出不足1美元。 据世界银行统计，目前我国约有1亿3千5百万人生活在国际贫困线以下。因此，解决贫困问题应成为我国建设全面小康社会的重点。

中国代表团团长石广生在WTO第四届部长级会议上的发言

Mr, Chairman,
After 15 years of difficult negotiations, we finally came to this historical moment. Hereby, on behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to appreciate the WTO Ministerial Conference for its adoption of the Decision on China's Accession to the WTO. And I would like to take this opportunity to thank all WTO Members and Mr. Girard, Chairman of the Working Party on China, for your support for China's accession over the years. My gratitude also goes to Mr. Mike Moore, Director-General of the WTO, to the former Director-Generals of GATT and the WTO, Mr. Dunkel, Mr. Sutherland and Mr. Ruggiero who have given their support and assistance in the past 15 years.
The WTO accession and its full participation in the multilateral trading system are strategic decisions made by the Chinese leaders under accelerated economic globalization. China has made longstanding and unremitting efforts for resuming its GATT Contracting Party status and for acceding to the WTO, which fully demonstrates the resolve and confidence of China to deepen its reform and to open further to the outside world. The WTO accession is not only in the interests of China, but also in the interests of all WTO Members and conducive to the development of the multilateral trading system. It will inevitably exert widespread and far-reaching impact on China's economy and on the world economy in the new century. After its accession, China will, on the basis of the balance between rights and obligations, abide by the WTO rules and honor its commitments while enjoying its rights. China will, as always, value and strengthen equal and mutually beneficial economic and trade relations with countries and regions in the world, and play an active and constructive role in the multilateral trading system and make its positive contribution to the progress of world economy and trade together with other WTO Members.
Mr. Chairman,
China first participated in the Uruguay Round Negotiations in September 1986 and witnessed the historical transformation of the multilateral trading system from GATT to the WTO. Meanwhile, China's negotiations for the accession to the multilateral trading system over the past 15 years have been an integral part of the process of its reform and opening up from the beginning to the end. We have drawn the following three basic conclusions from our own experiences:
First, only by participating in the multilateral trading system with a positive stance, can various countries in the world better share the benefits of economic globalization;
Second, during the course of economic globalization, only by establishing an economic and trade regime in line with international practices and the specific situation of the country, can they avoid their disadvantages and fully play out advantages, and therefore electively safeguard their respective economic security while opening to the outside world; and
Third, only by constantly adapting itself to the development and changes of world economy and by fully reflecting the interests and requirements of all parties including developing countries, can the multilateral trading system maintain its vigor and vitality.
Mr. Chairman,
The road from Seattle to Doha is by no means an easy path, which has generated profound thoughts and enlightenment. The Seattle Conference two years ago failed to launch the new round of multilateral trade negotiations. We believe that in face of the rapid development of economic globalization of today, we should follow the development of the situation and to jointly formulate relevant rules through consultations on an equal footing among Members and to carry out effective coordination and management over the ever widened and complicated international economic and trade activities.
Therefore, we need to face up to the obvious defects of the existing multilateral trading system so as to reflect the interests and demands of developing countries in a more adequate fashion. We need to invite all Members to formulate the international trade rules of the new century through equal participation and consultation, so as to enable more developing countries to share the opportunities and interests brought about by the economic globalization and to avoid the further widening of the gap between rich and poor and protect some countries against being marginalized.
Mr. Chairman,
China supports the launch of a new round of multilateral trade negotiations on the basis of full consideration of the interests and reasonable requirements of developing countries. China believes that a new round should be conducive, first, to the establishment of a fair, just and reasonable international economic new order; second, to the development of world economy as well as trade and investment facilitation; and third, to the achievement of a balance of interests between developed countries and developing countries.
We believe that to achieve the above goals, we need to ensure that in the new round,
Full consideration be given to the development level of relevant industries of developing countries and special treatment be rendered to the extent and speed of their opening;
Pragmatic and effective measures be adopted to guarantee the implementation of the Uruguay Round agreements;
All-round and effective participation of developing members be guaranteed and both the identification of topics and the negotiations be based on consultation on an equal footing; and
A balanced and package approach be taken to ensure that the results of the negotiations reflect an overall balance of the interests of various parties.
Mr. Chairman,
The new century is full of opportunities and challenges. Let us work together to meet these challenges, and to consolidate and strengthen the multilateral trading system and to make continued contributions to the stability and development of world economy and trade.
In conclusion, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese government, to express our appreciation to the Qatari government for its hard work for the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the WTO.
Thank you Mr. Chairman.

I have a Dream我有一个梦想

马丁·路德·金（公元1929—1968年），美国黑人律师，著名黑人民权运动领袖。一生曾三次被捕，三次被行刺，1964年获诺贝尔和平奖。1968年被种族主义分子枪杀。他被誉为近百年来八大最具有说服力的演说家之一。1963年他领导25万人向华盛顿进军“大游行”，为黑人争取自由平等和就业。马丁·路德·金在游行集会上发表了这篇著名演说。
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.
100年前，一位伟大的美国人——今天我们就站在他象征性的身影下——签署了《解放宣言》。这项重要法令的颁布，对于千百万灼烤于非正义残焰中的黑奴，犹如带来希望之光的硕大灯塔，恰似结束漫漫长夜禁锢的欢畅黎明。
But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.
然而，100年后，黑人依然没有获得自由。100年后，黑人依然悲惨地蹒跚于种族隔离和种族歧视的枷锁之下。100年后，黑人依然生活在物质繁荣翰海的贫困孤岛上。100年后，黑人依然在美国社会中间向隅而泣，依然感到自己在国土家园中流离漂泊。所以，我们今天来到这里，要把这骇人听闻的情况公诸于众。
In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.从某种意义上说，我们来到国家的首都是为了兑现一张支票。我们共和国的缔造者在拟写宪法和独立宣言的辉煌篇章时，就签署了一张每一个美国人都能继承的期票。这张期票向所有人承诺——不论白人还是黑人——都享有不可让渡的生存权、自由权和追求幸福权。It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.
然而，今天美国显然对她的有色公民拖欠着这张期票。美国没有承兑这笔神圣的债务，而是开始给黑人一张空头支票——一张盖着“资金不足”的印戳被退回的支票。但是，我们决不相信正义的银行会破产。我们决不相信这个国家巨大的机会宝库会资金不足。So we have come to cash this check -- a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.因此，我们来兑现这张支票。这张支票将给我们以宝贵的自由和正义的保障。We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
我们来到这块圣地还为了提醒美国：现在正是万分紧急的时刻。现在不是从容不迫悠然行事或服用渐进主义镇静剂的时候。现在是实现民主诺言的时候。现在是走出幽暗荒凉的种族隔离深谷，踏上种族平等的阳关大道的时候。现在是使我们国家走出种族不平等的流沙，踏上充满手足之情的磐石的时候。现在是使上帝所有孩子真正享有公正的时候。
It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.
忽视这一时刻的紧迫性，对于国家将会是致命的。自由平等的朗朗秋日不到来，黑人顺情合理哀怨的酷暑就不会过去。1963年不是一个结束，而是一个开端。Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.如果国家依然我行我素，那些希望黑人只需出出气就会心满意足的人将大失所望。在黑人得到公民权之前，美国既不会安宁，也不会平静。反抗的旋风将继续震撼我们国家的基石，直至光辉灿烂的正义之日来临。
But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.但是，对于站在通向正义之宫艰险门槛上的人们，有一些话我必须要说。在我们争取合法地位的过程中，切不要错误行事导致犯罪。我们切不要吞饮仇恨辛酸的苦酒，来解除对于自由的饮渴。
We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.
我们应该永远得体地、纪律严明地进行斗争。我们不能容许我们富有创造性的抗议沦为暴力行动。我们应该不断升华到用灵魂力量对付肉体力量的崇高境界。The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.
席卷黑人社会的新的奇迹般的战斗精神，不应导致我们对所有白人的不信任——因为许多白人兄弟已经认识到：他们的命运同我们的命运紧密相连，他们的自由同我们的自由休戚相关。他们今天来到这里参加集会就是明证。
We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.我们不能单独行动。当我们行动时，我们必须保证勇往直前。我们不能后退。有人问热心民权运动的人：“你们什么时候会感到满意？”只要黑人依然是不堪形容的警察暴行恐怖的牺牲品，我们就决不会满意。只要我们在旅途劳顿后，却被公路旁汽车游客旅社和城市旅馆拒之门外，我们就决不会满意。只要黑人的基本活动范围只限于从狭小的黑人居住区到较大的黑人居住区，我们就决不会满意。只要我们的孩子被“仅供白人”的牌子剥夺个性，损毁尊严，我们就决不会满意。只要密西西比州的黑人不能参加选举，纽约州的黑人认为他们与选举毫不相干，我们就决不会满意。不，不，我们不会满意，直至公正似水奔流，正义如泉喷涌。
I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.我并非没有注意到你们有些人历尽艰难困苦来到这里。你们有些人刚刚走出狭小的牢房。有些人来自因追求自由而遭受迫害风暴袭击和警察暴虐狂飙摧残的地区。你们饱经风霜，历尽苦难。继续努力吧，要相信：无辜受苦终得拯救。
Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.
回到密西西比去吧；回到亚拉巴马去吧；回到南卡罗来纳去吧；回到佐治亚去吧；回到路易斯安那去吧；回到我们北方城市中的贫民窟和黑人居住区去吧。要知道，这种情况能够而且将会改变。我们切不要在绝望的深渊里沉沦。
I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
朋友们，今天我要对你们说，尽管眼下困难重重，但我依然怀有一个梦。这个梦深深植根于美国梦之中。
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."
我梦想有一天，这个国家将会奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood.
我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山岗上，昔日奴隶的儿子能够同昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，亲如手足。
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州——一个非正义和压迫的热浪逼人的荒漠之州，也会改造成为自由和公正的青青绿洲。
I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
我梦想有一天，我的四个小女儿将生活在一个不是以皮肤的颜色，而是以品格的优劣作为评判标准的国家里。
I have a dream today.
我今天怀有一个梦。
I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governor's lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州会有所改变——尽管该州州长现在仍滔滔不绝地说什么要对联邦法令提出异议和拒绝执行——在那里，黑人儿童能够和白人儿童兄弟姐妹般地携手并行。
I have a dream today.我今天怀有一个梦。
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.我梦想有一天，深谷弥合，高山夷平，歧路化坦途，曲径成通衢，上帝的光华再现，普天下生灵共谒。
This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.这是我们的希望。这是我将带回南方去的信念。有了这个信念，我们就能绝望之山开采出希望之石。有了这个信念，我们就能把这个国家的嘈杂刺耳的争吵声，变为充满手足之情的悦耳交响曲。有了这个信念，我们就能一同工作，一同祈祷，一同斗争，一同入狱，一同维护自由，因为我们知道，我们终有一天会获得自由。
This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning, "My country, 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring."从到了这一天，上帝的所有孩子都能以新的含义高唱这首歌：
我的祖国，可爱的自由之邦，我为您歌唱。这是我祖先终老的地方，这是早期移民自豪的地方，让自由之声，响彻每一座山岗。
And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!
Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California!
But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
Let freedom ring from every hill and every molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.如果美国要成为伟大的国家，这一点必须实现。因此，让自由之声响彻新罕布什尔州的巍峨高峰！
让自由之声响彻纽约州的崇山峻岭！
让自由之声响彻宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼高峰！
让自由之声响彻科罗拉多州冰雪皑皑的洛基山！
让自由之声响彻加利福尼亚州的婀娜群峰！
不，不仅如此；让自由之声响彻佐治亚州的石山！
让自由之声响彻田纳西州的望山！
让自由之声响彻密西西比州的一座座山峰，一个个土丘！
让自由之声响彻每一个山岗！
When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"当我们让自由之声轰响，当我们让自由之声响彻每一个大村小庄，每一个州府城镇，我们就能加速这一天的到来。那时，上帝的所有孩子，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，将能携手同唱那首古老的黑人灵歌：“终于自由了！终于自由了！感谢全能的上帝，我们终于自由了！”

JANET T. MONOHAN

JANET T. MONOHAN
226 Sunnyway LanePrinceton, Nj 14562(609)123-4567QUALIFICATIONS:　　－Over 25 years secretarial/administrative experience.　　－Skills：Typing (65 wpm), Dictaphone.Multi-line Phones/Switchboard, Ten key (110 kspm) Digital DECmate computer,bookkeeping, credit checks, statistical typing.　　Extensive business experience including accounting firms, legal firms, financial firms, insurance companies, transportation companies, medical environments, government agencies and non-profit groups.　　Offer common sense, ability to take initiative, quality orientation and the ability to see a job thorough.　　Outstanding communications skills... Extremely hardworking and dedicated. EMPLOYMENT:MARSTON CONVENT, Laramie,WY, 1988-PresentReceptionist　　－Answer phone, greet visitors and provide information, tours, and literature. Record and monitor thank-you notes for all received donations. Perform light typing, filling, and word processing.WYOMING PUBLIC TELEVISION,Laramie,WY, 1987-1988Telemarketer　　－Solicit donations.Monitored the ordering of informative pamphlets,placards,buttons,tee-shirts,etc.RINALDO RANCH,Laramie,WY, 1983-1988Secretary　　－Provided word processing,customer relations,some accounts payable processing. Implemented new system for check processing,increased prompt payment of client bills.WOMANPOWER INC.,Laramie,WY, 1975-1983SecretaryActed as liaison between public and CEO.STATE HEALTH COALITION,Laramie,WY,1965-75Statistical Typist 　　－Prepared health record documentation of infectious disease patients at State hospital.Managed training of new hires.EDUCATION:TRAINING,INC.,Boston,MA,1965An office careers training program in bookkeeping, typing,reception, word processing, and office procedures.ST.JOSEPH’S ACADEMY,Portland,MaineHigh School Diploma

龙卷风Tornado

ELIZA: There is a tornado warning on. My mother just told me she heard it on the radio. LEE: What is a tornado warning?ELIZA: It means that a tornado has been seen somewhere in the area.LEE: Really? In New Berlin?ELIZA: No. Not necessarily in town. But in southern Wisconsin somewhere.A tornado has been spotted. They have two stages here.This is what is called a "tornado watch." That means that the weather conditions are perfect for a tornado. LEE: I understand. They think a tornado might come.ELIZA: Yes. People should look out, because maybe there will be tornadoes coming.So it's called a "watch." LEE: And the second stage is called a "tornado warning".ELIZA: Yes. If a tornado has been spotted, they announce a "tornado warning".So if there's a tornado warning on, it means a tornado is out there somewhere.LEE: It's scary. ELIZA: Well. Tornadoes can be dangerous, it's true.If we hear something like a loud train coming, then we have to go in the basement.LEE: What do you mean "a loud train"?ELIZA: That is what tornadoes sound like. They sound like trains. They're very loud.LEE: But if you hear them coming, isn't it already too late?ELIZA: Maybe. It depends on the tornado.Some can move across the ground at 200 miles an hour.That is very fast. Others aren't so fast. LEE: Have you seen a lot of them?ELIZA: I've only seen one in my life. I was looking out the window. It was around two miles away. It was very interesting to watch.But it was heading toward my friend's house. So I quickly called them on the phone.LEE: Did it hit their house?ELIZA: No, it didn't. But they are glad I called them.LEE: What were they doing when you called?ELIZA: They were all sitting in the living room watching TV.They had no idea a tornado was coming toward their house.If it had hit them, they could have all been killed.LEE: That's terrible. Do many people die in tornadoes?ELIZA: Not so many really. But a lot of houses are destroyed sometimes.艾丽沙：有一个龙卷风的警报，我妈刚刚告诉我她从收音机听到的。李：什么是龙卷风警报？艾丽沙：就是有一个龙卷风已经在这个区域出没。李：真的？在新柏林？艾丽沙：不，并不一定在城里，但在南威斯康辛州某处。有一个龙卷风已经被监控。他们分为两个等级，现阶段称做“龙卷风警戒”，表示天气状况是形成龙卷风的最佳状态。李：我懂了，他们认为龙卷风可能会来袭。艾丽沙：是的，大家要当心，因为也许龙卷风就要来袭，所以称做警戒。李：而第二等级称做“龙卷风警报”。艾丽沙：是的，如果龙卷风已经被监测到，他们就会宣布“龙卷风警报”。因此，若已提出龙卷风警报，那表示一个龙卷风已在某处。李：真可怕。艾丽沙：嗯，龙卷风可以很危险的，是真的。如果我们听到什么像轰隆的火车接近声的，我们必须进入地下室。李：什么是“轰隆的火车”？艾丽沙：那就是龙卷风听起来的声音，他们听起来像火车声，非常大声。李：但是如果你听到它们来临了，不是已经太晚了吗？艾丽沙：很可能，要视龙卷风而定。有些一小时可以在地面横越两百里。那是非常快的，其他的没这么快。李：你看过很多龙卷风吗？艾丽沙：我这生只看过一次，从窗户望出去的，大概在二里外的地方，观看是很有趣的。但是它直扫向我朋友的房屋，所以我赶紧打电话给他们。李：它有打中他们的房屋吗？艾丽沙：没有，但是我朋友很高兴我打电话给他们。李：你电话时，他们在做什么？艾丽沙：他们全都坐在客厅看电视，一点也不知道龙卷风正向他们的房子接近。如果当时真打中他们，他们可能全都一命呜呼。李：真是太可怕了。有很多人丧生于龙卷风吗？艾丽沙：是不太多啦，但是有时候很多房屋被摧毁。

电话不通The Phone Line Has Been Disconnected

DORIS: You're late.LEO: I know I'm late. I'm sorry.I tried to call you to tell you, but your phone seems to be disconnected.DORIS: My phone?LEO: Yes. An automatic message says your phone is not in service.DORIS: Really? I had no idea. Let me check.Yes, it's dead. There's no dial tone.LEO: So I couldn't get through.I knew I'd be late because my car wouldn't start.It was too cold I had to warm it up in the garage with a heater. That's why I'm late.DORIS: But this is terrible. I'm expecting important calls.LEO: About what?DORIS: You know what.The theater guild is supposed to call me and discuss a contract for my play.They are supposed to call me this evening.If I don't have a phone. Oh, what can I do?LEO: Well, the only thing you can do is tell the phone company and hope they fix it fast.DORIS: Do you have a cell phone?LEO: No. I hate cell phones.But you could go to a neighbor's house and use their phone.DORIS: Can you drive me?I will go to Ann's house. It isn't far.I can call the theater guild from there and give them her number.She will let us wait in her living room.LEO: Yes, of course I can drive you.So you don't want to get your phone fixed right away?DORIS: Yes, I do.At Ann's house I will call the phone company and have them check my line.If they can fix it right away without coming to my house, then we'll just return here.But if not, I need to wait at Ann's house to talk with the theater guild.It's very important to me.LEO: Alright, let's go.DORIS: Yes, let's go.朵丽丝：你迟到了。李奥：我知道我迟到了，很抱歉。我试过打电话告诉你，但是你的电话好像不通。朵丽丝：我的电话？李奥：是啊，一个自动传话说你的电话已经停止服务。朵丽丝：真的？我一点都不知道，我来查查看。是的，它毫无声响，没有拨号音。李奥：所以我打不进去啊。我知道我会迟到，因为我的车没法发动，天气实在太冷了，我必须在车库用暖炉热车，这就是为何我会迟到。朵丽丝：但是这下惨了，我正在等很重要的电话。李奥：有关什么的？朵丽丝：你知道吗，戏剧公会应该会打电话给我，讨论我剧本的合约。他们这个傍晚应该会打电话给我。如果我没有电话，我要怎么办？李奥：嗯，你唯一能做的就是告诉电话公司，希望他们能赶快修理好。朵丽丝：你有移动电话吗？李奥：没有，我讨厌移动电话。但是你可以去一位邻居家用他们的电话。朵丽丝：你可以载我一程吗？我会去安的家，不会很远，我可以从那打电话给戏剧公会，并且留下她的号码，她会让我们在客厅等。李奥：好的，当然我可以载你。那么你不马上叫人修电话吗？朵丽丝：要啊，我会的。在安的家，我会打电话给电话公司，请他们检查我的线路。如果他们可以立刻修理，而不用来我家，那么我们就回来这里。但是如果不行，我需要在安的家等候和戏剧公会谈。这对我来说非常重要。李奥：好，我们走吧。朵丽丝：是的，我们走吧。

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（5

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（5）　　1.To spread the word about mortgage servicers, a fact sheet that outlines one's legal rights if you get caught in a mortgage serving mess has been put together by the Federal Trade Commission. 　　(A) a fact sheet that outlines one's legal rights if you get caught in a mortgage serving mess has been put together by the Federal Trade Commission　　(B) an outline of one's legal rights has been put together by the Federal Trade Commission if one gets caught up in a mortgaging mess on a fact sheet　　(C) should you get caught in a mortgaging mess, a fact sheet outlining your legal rights has been put together by the Federal Trade Commission　　(D) there is a fact sheet put together by the Federal Trade Commission, which outlines one's legal rights in a mortgage servicing mess　　(E) the Federal Trade Commission has put together a fact sheet that outlines your legal rights if you get caught in a mortgage servicing mess　　2. Our rate of teenage pregnancies is among the highest in the industrialized world, being exceeded only by Chile, Hungary, Romania, Cuba, and Bulgaria.　　(A) is among the highest in the industrialized world, being exceeded only by　　(B) is among the highest in the industrialized world, exceeded only by that of　　(C) are among the highest in the industrialized world, only exceeded by　　(D) is among the highest in the industrialized world, and exceeds only　　(E) are among the highest in the industrialized world, and they exceed those of only　　3. Carpenters, dentists, sewing machine operators, needlepointers, piano players, and indeed anyone who works with their hands for long hours can get carpal tunnel syndrome.　　(A) anyone who works　　(B) anyone working　　(C) workers　　(D) those for whom work is　　(E) any people who work　　4. In June, 1981, six teenagers in the village of Medjugorje, Yugoslavia, claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, who they say has continued to appear to them over the ensuing years.　　(A) claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, who　　(B) claimed to have visions of the Virgin Mary, whom　　(C) claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, whom　　(D) claimed to have visions of the Virgin Mary, who　　(E) had claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, whom　　5. In 1922, when Truman was almost forty years old, he was living in his mother-in-law's house, watching the haberdashery store he opened three years earlier go bankrupt, and he faced a future with no visible prospects.　　(A) opened three years earlier go bankrupt, and he faced　　(B) opened three years earlier go bankrupt and faced　　(C) had opened three years earlier go bankrupt, and he was facing　　(D) had opened three years earlier go bankrupt, and facing　　(E) was opening three years earlier going bankrupt, and facing6. Within the boundaries of artistic rivalry lies a sense of family: the shared genetic inheritance, or accident, that enables musicians to make music.　　(A) Within the boundaries of artistic rivalry lies a sense of family　　(B) Within the boundaries of artistic rivalry lays a sense of family　　(C) A sense of family lies inside of the boundaries of artistic rivalry　　(D) A family sense lies within artistic rivalry's boundaries　　(E) Within artistic rivalry's boundaries lays a family sense　　7. The Supreme Court's concern with legitimacy is not for the sake of the court but the nation to which it is responsible.　　(A) but the nation to which it is responsible　　(B) but for the sake of the nation to which it is responsible　　(C) so much as the nation it is responsible to　　(D) as the nation it is responsible to　　(E) but the nation　　8. Among the emotions on display in the negotiating room were anger for repeatedly raising the issue over and over again and preventing the raw wounds from earlier battles from ever beginning to heal.　　(A) were anger for repeatedly raising the issue over and over again and preventing the raw wounds from earlier battles from ever beginning to heal　　(B) was anger for repeatedly raising the issue and preventing the raw wounds　　from earlier battles from ever beginning to heal　　(C) were anger over repeatedly raising the issue and preventing the raw wounds from earlier battles to begin healing　　(D) was anger about the issue, which was raised over and over, and preventing the wounds from earlier battles, still raw, to begin healing　　(E) were anger about the issue, which was raised repeatedly, and preventing the raw wounds from earlier battles to begin to heal　　9. It takes a deft balance between savings discipline, investment knowledge, risk taking, luck, and time to raise a million dollars through investments.　　(A) It takes a deft balance between　　(B) Deft balancing is needed between　　(C) Deftly balanced, it takes　　(D) It takes a deft balance of　　(E) A deft balance is what one needs among　　10. In the 1950s, when the Chrysler Corporation sponsored a live television show about the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, it forbade the actors to mention Lincoln's name or the name of the Ford Theater because it did not want to plug the competition.　　(A) it forbade the actors to mention Lincoln's name or the name of the Ford Theater because it　　(B) they forbade the actors from mentioning Lincoln or the Ford Theater because they　　(C) it was forbidden to mention Lincoln or the Ford Theater as they　　(D) the actors were forbidden to mention Lincoln's name or the name of the Ford Theater because they　　(E) the actors were forbidden from mentioning Lincoln or the Ford Theater, since they11. The man was always aware, sometimes proudly and sometimes resentfully, that he was a small-town Midwesterner who was thrust into a world that was dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than him.　　(A) who was thrust into a world that was dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more polished people than him　　(B) who had been thrust into a world that was dominated by more wealthy, educated, and polished people than him　　(C) who had been thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and people more polished than he was　　(D) thrust into a world dominated by more wealthy, educated, and polished people than him　　(E) thrust into a world dominated by wealthier, better-educated, and more　　polished people than he　　12. It was because she was plagued by injuries that tennis celebrity Tracy Austin, who won the Italian and U.S. Opens at age 16 in 1979, sat out the years between 1984 to 1988, occasionally working as a television commentator.　　(A) It was because she was plagued by injuries that tennis celebrity Tracy Austin, who won the Italian and U.S. Opens at age 16 in 1979, sat out the years between　　(B) After winning the Italian and U.S. Opens in 1979 at the age of 16, injuries plagued tennis celebrity Tracy Austin and forced her to sit out from　　(C) Tracy Austin, the tennis celebrity who, plagued by injuries, won the Italian and U.S. Opens at age 16 in 1979, sat out from　　(D) Plagued by injuries, tennis celebrity Tracy Austin, who won the Italian and U.S. Opens at age 16 in 1979, sat out the years from　　(E) Tennis celebrity Tracy Austin, who won the Italian and U.S. Opens at age 16 in 1979, was plagued by injuries when she sat out between　　13. If the reporter would have known the landlord's side of the story, she would not have written an article so favorable to the 81-year-old tenant.　　(A) would have known the landlord's side of the story, she would not have written　　(B) would of known the landlord's side of the story, she would not of written　　(C) had known the landlord's side of the story, she would not have written　　(D) had known the landlord's side of the story, she would not have wrote　　(E) knew the landlord's side of the story, she would not have written　　14. After July, anyone disposing of or servicing refrigerators must capture the chlorofluorocarbons in the refrigerant chemicals.　　(A) anyone disposing of or servicing　　(B) those who dispose or service　　(C) anyone disposing of or who services　　(D) the disposal or repair of　　(E) someone who disposes or repairs　　15. In good years, the patchwork of green fields that surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them in the area just for the season.　　(A) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them　　(B) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of whom are　　(C) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of who are　　(D) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustle with farm workers, many of which　　(E) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many are16. John Smith provides information on the conditions that lead women to a gynecologist, and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed.　　(A) and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed　　(B) noting that these conditions can be, and sometimes are, used to promote needless surgery　　(C) and notes that they could and sometimes are used unnecessarily in promoting surgery　　(D) sometimes promoting needless surgery　　(E) which they use sometimes to promote unnecessary surgery　　17. Kansas Republican Nancy Kassebaum, one of only two women in the U.S. Senate in 1992, said she did not so much wish for more women senators but more moderate Republican ones.　　(A) did not so much wish for more women senators but more moderate Republican ones　　(B) wished not so much for more senators who were women than moderate Republicans　　(C) did not wish so much for more women senators as for more moderate Republicans　　(D) did not wish for more women senators so much as moderate Republicans　　(E) wished for more senators who are moderate Republicans than women　　18. Real similar to a Hollywood movie set with nothing behind the building fronts, the country's apparent new-found affluence masks a very different reality: most citizens are not living at all well.　　(A) Real similar to　　(B) Much as if it was　　(C) As though　　(D) Like　　(E) Just as　　19. Persons, suffering from a deficiency of the blood enzyme G6PD, eat fava beans and discover that they trigger hemolytic anemia.　　(A) Persons, suffering from a deficiency of the blood enzyme G6PD, eat fava beans and discover that they trigger hemolytic anemia.　　(B) When persons suffering a deficiency of enzyme G6PD, a blood enzyme, eat　　fava beans, they discover that it triggers hemolytic anemia.　　(C) If people suffer deficiencies from the blood enzyme G6PD, they discover that fava beans trigger hemolytic anemia when eaten.　　(D) Hemolytic anemia is triggered by people with a deficiency of the blood enzyme G6PD, who discover it eating fava beans.　　(E) Persons who suffer from a deficiency of the blood enzyme G6PD discover that eating fava beans triggers hemolytic anemia.　　20. As Russell Banks suggests, it is a lack of grand ideas that have only left writers with semiotics, hermeneutics, and deconstruction.　　(A) As Russell Banks suggests, it is a lack of grand ideas that have only left writers with　　(B) Writers, Russell Banks suggests, who lack of grand ideas and leave only　　(C) Russell Banks suggests that a lack of grand ideas has left writers with only　　(D) It is Russell Banks' suggestion that a lack of grand ideas have left writers only with　　(E) It is only a lack of grand ideas, Russell Banks suggests, which leave writers with21. California's child-support payments are as high or higher than other states.　　(A) as high or higher than other states　　(B) at least as high as any states　　(C) as high as, or higher than, those of any other state　　(D) higher than any state's, or just as high　　(E) higher, or as high as, other states　　22. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should begin between one to four minutes after a cardiac arrest in order to be a success.　　(A) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should begin between one to four minutes after a cardiac arrest in order to be a success.　　(B) Between one and four minutes after a cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should begin to be successful.　　(C) Successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be begun from one to four minutes after a cardiac arrest occurs.　　(D) If it is to be successful, a cardiac arrest should be treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation one to four minutes afterward.　　(E) To be successful, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should begin within one to four minutes after a cardiac arrest.　　23. A new phenomena, which is visible at Managua's major intersections, are waves of vendors and beggars, which include many children and mob cars at the stoplights.　　(A) A new phenomena, which is visible at Managua's major intersections, are waves of vendors and beggars, which include many children and　　(B) Visible at Managua's major intersections are waves of vendors and beggars with many children, new phenomena that　　(C) A new phenomenon visible at Managua's major intersections is waves of vendors and beggars, many of them children, who　　(D) Phenomenally new waves of vendors, beggars, and many children are visible at Managua's major intersections, which　　(E) A wave of vendors and beggars, many of whom are children, are visible at Managua's major intersections, where they are a new phenomenon and　　24. Like the 1890s Populists who exalted the rural myth, so urban leaders of the 1990s are trying to glorify the urban myth.　　(A) Like the 1890s Populists who exalted the rural myth,　　(B) Just as the Populists of the 1890s exalted the rural myth,　　(C) The Populists of the 1890s having exalted the rural myth,　　(D) Just like the rural myth was exalted by the Populists of the 1890s　　(E) Populists of the 1890s were exalting the rural myth, and　　25. One reason why more young people lose their virginity during the summer than at other times of the year undoubtedly is because school vacations give adolescents more free time.　　(A) One reason why more young people lose their virginity during the summer than at other times of the year undoubtedly is because　　(B) If young people lose their virginity more during the summer than other seasons, it is undoubtedly because　　(C) One undoubtable reason that young people lose their virginity more during the summer than other times is　　(D) One reason more young people lose their virginity during the summer than at other times of the year is undoubtedly that　　(E) Young people lose their virginity more often during the summer undoubtedly because, for one reason　　1. E 2. B 3. E 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. E 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. C 21. C 22. E 23. C 24. B 25. D

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（4）

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（4）　　1. Like Edvard Grieg, whom the Scandinavians long refused to recognize, the Italians' disregard for Verdi persisted for a decade after his critical acclaim in France and Austria. 　　(A) Like Edvard Grieg, whom the Scandinavians long refused to recognize,　　(B) Like Edvard Grieg, who the Scandinavians long refused to recognize,　　(C) Just as Edvard Grieg was long refused recognition by the Scandinavians,　　(D) Just as the Scandinavians long refused to recognize Edvard Grieg, so　　(E) Like the Scandinavians' long refusal to recognize Edvard Grieg,　　2. As the housing affordability gap widens, middle-income families are especially hard-hit, and these families can no longer qualify to buy homes, and rising rental rates force them to use far more than the standard 25 percent of their incomes for housing, leaving them with no equity or tax write-offs to offset the expenditures.　　(A) and these families can no longer qualify to buy homes, and　　(B) since these families can no longer afford to buy homes, furthermore　　(C) for these families can no longer afford to buy homes, yet　　(D) and these families can no longer afford to buy homes; however,　　(E) and these families can no longer afford to buy homes, for　　3. Confused by the many strata and substrata of ancient civilizations overlying one another, Schliemann's excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, the ancient Troy, were temporarily called to a halt.　　(A) Schliemann's excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, the ancient Troy, were temporarily called to a halt　　(B) Schliemann's excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, the ancient Troy, temporarily halted　　(C) Schliemann temporarily halted his excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, the ancient Troy　　(D) excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, the ancient Troy, were temporarily halted by Schliemann　　(E) excavations of the fabled city of Ilium, and of the ancient Troy, were temporarily halted by Schliemann　　4. Lower-level management function most effectively when they have thorough training and unimpeded communication with workers, supervisors, and one another.　　(A) management function most effectively when they have　　(B) managers function most effectively when they have　　(C) management functions most effectively when they have　　(D) managers function most effectively when they have received　　(E) management functions most effectively when it has　　5. The exigencies of dramatic art, as shown even by the history plays of Shakespeare, makes the foreshortening of　　dramatized historical events inevitable.　　(A) makes the foreshortening of dramatized historical events inevitable　　(B) made dramatized historical events inevitably foreshortened　　(C) make the foreshortening of dramatized historical events inevitable　　(D) has inevitably foreshortened dramatized historical events　　(E) inevitably foreshortens dramatized historical events6. The main reasons for the phenomenal growth of agribusiness over the last fifteen years are because of elevated land prices, the basing of retail marketing networks on produce imported from other states, and decreased competition from developers.　　(A) because of elevated land prices, the basing of retail marketing networks　　(B) a result of elevated land prices, retail marketing networks based　　(C) that land prices are elevated, retail marketing networks are based　　(D) elevated land prices, retail marketing networks based　　(E) because land prices are elevated, the basing of retail marketing networks　　7. Everyone participating in the early sociological study committed a crucial methodological error by failing to fully consider alternative ways of classifying their data.　　(A) by failing to fully consider alternative ways of classifying their　　(B) by failing fully to consider alternative ways of classifying their　　(C) they failed to consider alternative ways to classify their　　(D) by not fully considering alternative ways to classify the　　(E) by not considering fully alternative ways of classifying his or her　　8. During an era when interracial tensions in the United States have run high, Rosa Parks became a quiet, unassuming symbol of the continued struggle for human dignity.　　(A) have run high　　(B) ran high　　(C) had run highly　　(D) run high　　(E) were running highly　　9. In such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, Frederic Remington caught the public's fancy by portraying those moments of conflict that defined the West's romantic heroes.　　(A) In such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, Frederic Remington caught the public's fancy　　(B) In such works as Frederic Remington's 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, the public's fancy was caught　　(C) Frederic Remington, catching the public's fancy in such works as the 1889 masterpiece A Dash for the Timber, did it　　(D) The fancy of Frederic Remington's public was caught in his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber,　　(E) The public's fancy was caught by Frederic Remington in such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber,　　10. The Coast Guard recently redesigned channel markers in the Chesapeake Bay to accommodate large numbers of ospreys, whose huge nests formerly obstructed the lights.　　(A) numbers of ospreys, whose huge nests　　(B) numbers of ospreys, their huge nests　　(C) amounts of ospreys, the huge nests of which　　(D) nests of ospreys they　　(E) numbers of ospreys, and their huge nests11. An unusually strong cyclist can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set a new distance record for human-powered aircraft in MIT's diaphanous construction of graphite fiber and plastic.　　(A) can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set　　(B) it is hoped, can provide enough power that will set　　(C) hopefully can provide enough power, this will set　　(D) is hopeful to set　　(E) hopes setting　　12. Chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts present considerable environmental risk during offshore oil drilling.　　(A) Chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts present considerable environmental risk during offshore oil drilling.　　(B) The reason offshore oil drilling presents a considerably environmental risk is because of chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts.　　(C) A considerable risk to the environment is presented during offshore oil drilling, where low-level leaks are chronic and the routine discharge of mud and mineral salts.　　(D) Offshore oil drilling presents a considerable risk to the environment due to the fact of chronic low-level leaks, and mud and mineral salts are routinely discharged.　　(E) Chronic low-level leaking, along with the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts, are what make offshore oil drilling environmentally risky.　　13. Aho, a Kiowa matriarch, held festivals in her home, they featured the preparation of great quantities of ceremonial food, the wearing of many layers of colorful clothing adorned with silver, and the recounting of traditional tribal jokes and stories.　　(A) Aho, a Kiowa matriarch, held festivals in her home, they featured　　(B) Festivals were held in Aho, a Kiowa matriarch's home, which featured　　(C) Aho, who was a Kiowa matriarch in her home, held festivals featuring　　(D) In her home, Aho, a Kiowa matriarch, held festivals that featured　　(E) Aho, a Kiowa matriarch, held festivals in her home that featured　　14. Innovative companies are not only skillful in developing new products but also in finding new ways to promote old ones.　　(A) are not only skillful in developing new products but also in finding　　(B) are skillful not only in developing new products but also in finding　　(C) not only are skillful in developing new products, they also find　　(D) not only develop new products, but they are also skillful in finding　　(E) are both skillful in the development of new products and in finding　　15. Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, which has made it an ideal site for researching rare flora and fauna.　　(A) Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, which has made it　　(B) Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to have undergone human settlement, and that has made it　　(C) Madagascar underwent human settlement as one of the last habitable areas of the earth, which makes it　　(D) Madagascar, one of the last habitable areas of the earth, underwent human settlement, making it　　(E) Because Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, it is16. International sporting events need not be fiscal disasters, the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact.　　(A) the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact　　(B) for example, the 1992 Olympic Games were financially successful　　(C) like the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates　　(D) a fact demonstrated by the 1992 Olympic Games, which were financially successful　　(E) as the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates　　17. In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of Henry Miller's obsessive narratives and Toni Morrison's mythic languages than James Joyce's internal explorations.　　(A) In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of　　(B) Leon Forrest writes more like　　(C) Leon Forrest's work is more reminiscent of　　(D) Leon Forrest reminds one more of　　(E) Leon Forrest's work more resembles that of　　18. The National Labor Relations Act expressly forbids unions from engaging in secondary boycotts against companies not directly involved in a labor dispute.　　(A) unions from engaging in　　(B) the engagement by unions of　　(C) unions to engage in　　(D) unions from becoming engaged with　　(E) that unions engage upon　　19. Just because King Alfred occupied and fortified London in 886 did not mean that he also won the loyalty of its citizens: the invading Danes were well aware of this weakness and used it to their advantage in 893.　　(A) Just because King Alfred occupied and fortified London in 886 did not mean that he　　(B) The fact that King Alfred had occupied and fortified London in 886 did not mean that he had　　(C) Just because King Alfred occupied and fortified London in 886, it did not mean he　　(D) The fact that King Alfred occupied and fortified London in 886, it did not mean that he　　(E) Just because King Alfred had occupied and fortified London in 886, it did not mean he　　20. The argument that the dominant form of family structure today is not the nuclear family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families, the amount of vertical and horizontal communication between family subunits, and the extent to which family members offer assistance to one another.　　(A) family, but rather it is a family which is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families　　(B) family, but is instead a family that is modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist　　(C) family, which has been modified and extended, is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families　　(D) family but a modified extended family is based on a number of facts: the existence of three-generational families　　(E) family, but also a modified and extended family, is based on a number of facts: three-generational families exist21. Recent essays by Garrison Keillor, the humorist and host of the public radio show A Prairie Home Companion, describes what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade Chicago.　　(A) describes what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade　　(B) describes what would happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths invaded　　(C) describes what would happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths would have invaded　　(D) describe what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade　　(E) describe what happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths invade　　22. Bill Walton continued on playing, even though he had injuries that recurred over and over again, always hoping to return back to his position as a regular starter in the game he loved.　　(A) on playing, even though he had injuries that recurred over and over again, always hoping to return back　　(B) playing, in spite of recurrent injuries, always hoping to return　　(C) playing, though injured over and over, and he was always hoping to return back　　(D) on playing, even with injuries that recurred, and always hoped to return　　(E) to play, despite recurring injuries, hoping that the return　　23. Of the twin supernovas, the most recently discovered is the largest, but it is the small one that has irrevocably altered astronomists' ideas about the origins of the universe.　　(A) the most recently discovered is the largest, but it is the small one　　(B) the one most recently discovered is the largest, but it is the small one　　(C) the most recently discovered is larger, but it is the smaller　　(D) the more recently discovered one is the large one but the small one　　(E) the more recently discovered is the larger, but it is the smaller one　　24. As U.S. nuclear attack submarines prowl their familiar haunts deep within the oceans of the world these days, they increasingly are engaged in missions far different from the tasks for which they were built and for which their crews were trained over the last forty years.　　(A) they increasingly are engaged in missions far different from the tasks for which they were built　　(B) the missions they increasingly engage in are far different than the tasks they were built for　　(C) they engage increasingly in missions that differ significantly from the tasks they were built for　　(D) the missions they engage in are increasingly different than the tasks for which they were built　　(E) they increasingly engage in missions far different than the tasks for which they were built　　25. Dance fans knew Tamara Geva as a soloist in several Ballanchine works, a dancer who introduced his choreography to the United States, and as a star in Broadway theater.　　(A) a dancer who introduced　　(B) as a dancer which introduced　　(C) the dancer to introduce　　(D) who introduced　　(E) as the dancer who introduced　　Keys:　　1. E 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. E 16. E 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. E 24. A 25. E

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（3）

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（3）　　1. After a few weeks' experience, apprentice jewelers can usually begin to discriminate, though not with absolute certainty, genuine diamonds from imitation diamonds. 　　(A) genuine diamonds from imitation diamonds　　(B) genuine diamonds apart from imitations　　(C) between genuine diamonds and imitation diamonds　　(D) among genuine diamonds and imitation diamonds　　(E) whether diamonds are imitation or genuine　　2. Convinced at last of the soundness of her advice, the villagers tried crop rotation, built crude sanitary facilities, and even the use of goat's milk for the making of cheese.　　(A) the use of goat's milk for the making of cheese　　(B) used goat's milk to make cheese　　(C) the use of goat's milk in cheese making　　(D) making cheese from goat's milk　　(E) goat's milk to make cheese　　3. The original employees hired, who had been there over twenty years, were fiercely loyal to the firm, and it offered no retirement benefits or profit sharing to any employees.　　(A) and it offered no　　(B) and it offered neither　　(C) still it offered no　　(D) though it offered no　　(E) though it offered neither　　4. Virtually undisturbed for the last three centuries on their starkly beautiful islands near the edge of the Arctic Circle, the inhabitants of the Lofotens have evolved folkways and a life-style that bring warmth to their harsh environment.　　(A) the inhabitants of the Lofotens have evolved folkways and a life-style that bring warmth　　(B) the inhabitants of the Lofotens have evolved folkways and a life-style that brings warmth　　(C) evolving folkways and a life-style were evolved by the Lofotens inhabitants to bring warmth　　(D) evolving folkways and a life-style brought warmth to the Lofotens' inhabitants as well as　　(E) warmth-bringing folkways and life-styles have been evolved by the inhabitants of the Lofotens　　5. If anyone at InterCom Financial Advisers would have anticipated, or even suspected, the impending sale of the Koniko kelp processing plant, they would　　have advised owners of Koniko stock to unload all shares immediately.　　(A) If anyone at InterCom Financial Advisers would have anticipated　　(B) Had anyone at InterCom Financial Advisers anticipated　　(C) If any people at InterCom Financial Advisers would have anticipated　　(D) If any people at InterCom Financial Advisers had anticipated　　(E) If anybody at InterCom Financial Advisers anticipated6. Those who enter marathons soon learn that, to succeed in these grueling competitive events, runners must be in excellent condition, have unshakable self-confidence, and, most important of all, know how to pace yourself.　　(A) know how to pace yourself　　(B) is knowing how to pace yourself　　(C) know how to pace themselves　　(D) you must pace yourself　　(E) they must know how to pace themselves　　7. For some reason the new consultant treats his clients like idiots, talking to them like they were mentally deficient and incapable of understanding more than the simplest ideas.　　(A) like idiots, talking to them like they　　(B) as if they were idiots, talking to them like they　　(C) like idiots, talking to them as if they　　(D) as idiots, talking to them like they　　(E) like idiots who　　8. The unprecedented increases in the prime lending rate this year has probably been brought about by business community's uncertainty about the President's position on the budget deficit.　　(A) in the prime lending rate this year has　　(B) this year in the prime lending rate has　　(C) this year in the prime lending rate having　　(D) in the prime lending rate this year had　　(E) in the prime lending rate this year have　　9. A shy, religious-minded publisher who had married a duke's daughter, Harold Macmillan's rise to the position of Prime Minister in 1957 surprised many, though Churchill had since the 1930s been extolling Macmillan's courage.　　(A) Harold Macmillan's rise to the position of Prime Minister in 1957 surprised many　　(B) Harold Macmillan's rise in 1957 to the position of Prime Minister surprised many　　(C) Harold Macmillan's becoming Prime Minister in 1957 surprised many　　(D) Harold Macmillan surprised many by rising to the position of Prime Minister in 1957　　(E) the position of Prime Minister attained by Harold Macmillan in 1957 surprised many　　10. As part of their therapy, young polio victims learning to live with their disabilities were helped to practice falling during the 1950s, so that they could learn to fall without being hurt.　　(A) As part of their therapy, young polio victims learning to live with their disabilities were helped to practice falling during the 1950s　　(B) As part of their therapy, young polio victims learning to live during the 1950s with their disabilities were helped to practice falling　　(C) Young polio victims learning to live during the 1950s with their disabilities were helped to practice falling as part of their therapy　　(D) Young polio victims learning to live with their disabilities were helped to practice falling during the 1950s as part of their therapy　　(E) During the 1950s, as part of their therapy, young polio victims learning to live with their disabilities were helped to practice falling11. According to the professor's philosophy, the antidote to envy is one's own work, always one's own work: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply doing it.　　(A) one's own work, always one's own work: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply doing it　　(B) always work; because you don't think about it or assess it, you just do it　　(C) always one's own work: not thinking about or assessing it, but simply to do it　　(D) not to think or assess, but doing one's own work　　(E) neither to think about one's own work nor to assess it, it is always simply doing it　　12. After this year's record-shattering January performance in Madison Square Garden, the ensemble were touted as the country's best new group in decades; no critic or reviewer had anything but praise for the young musicians.　　(A) the ensemble were touted as the country's　　(B) the ensemble was touted as the country's　　(C) the country touted the ensemble like the　　(D) touting the ensemble as the country's　　(E) they were touting the ensemble as the country's　　13. Ms. Wright tries to get inside Iran to understand how it works, the role it has played in the Middle East and its intricate relationship with the United States, which is complex and depends heavily on understanding of the Farsi language.　　(A) which is complex and depends　　(B) because it is complex and depends　　(C) but they are complex and depend　　(D) which are complex and depend　　(E) a task that is complex and depends　　14. Published during the late eighteenth century, Diderot's factual Encyclopedia and his friend Voltaire's fictional Candide were the cause of such a sensational scandal, and both men prudently chose to embark on extended vacations in nearby Austria.　　(A) Diderot's factual Encyclopedia and his friend Voltaire's fictional Candide were the cause of such a sensational scandal, and　　(B) Diderot and his friend Voltaire's caused such a sensational scandal with their factual Encyclopedia and fictional Candide, respectively, that　　(C) Diderot's factual Encyclopedia and his friend Voltaire's fictional Candide were the cause of a scandal so sensational that　　(D) the scandal caused by Diderot's factual Encyclopedia and his friend Voltaire's fictional Candide was so sensational　　(E) a factual Encyclopedia by Diderot and the fictional Candide, by his friend Voltaire, caused a sensational scandal, which　　15. Astronomers studying the newly discovered star say that it provides clues about our galaxy's origin, that it may supply data about how fast our galaxy is expanding, and moreover it is perhaps the most distant star in the entire Milky Way.　　(A) about how fast our galaxy is expanding, and moreover it is perhaps　　(B) regarding the speed our galaxy expands at; moreover, they think it may be　　(C) about how fast our galaxy expands and perhaps be　　(D) on the galaxy's expansion rate and perhaps　　(E) about how fast our galaxy is expanding, and that it is perhaps16. The decisions of John Marshall, the fourth chief justice, have had a greater influence than any chief justice in history.　　(A) than any chief justice in history　　(B) historically than any other chief justice　　(C) than have those of any chief justice in history　　(D) in history as any other chief justice has had　　(E) than those of any other chief justice in history　　17. Most North Carolina ski resorts broadcast music onto the slopes; skiers can choose among hard rock, soft pop, and "beautiful music" slopes, there are no slopes without music.　　(A) skiers can choose among hard rock, soft pop, and "beautiful music" slopes, there are　　(B) because skiers can choose hard rock, soft pop, or "beautiful music," there are　　(C) however, skiers can choose among hard rock, soft pop, "beautiful music," and　　(D) although skiers can choose among hard rock, soft pop, and "beautiful music" slopes, there are　　(E) skiers can choose among hard rock, soft pop, "beautiful music" slopes, but　　18. The owner of Steele's Grocery in Osage, Ohio, saved $600 monthly on heat during the winter by putting all his refrigerator air compressors together in an insulated compartment, then installing two fans and a duct that carried waste heat from the compressors into the main part of the store.　　(A) then installing two fans and a duct that carried　　(B) then he installing two fans and a duct that carried　　(C) then two fans were installed with a duct that carried　　(D) installing two fans, and then carrying through a duct　　(E) installing two fans, and a duct carrying　　19. Aviation officials have not only failed to determine the cause of the crash, but they have also ignored demands by the pilots union that the investigation should be expedited.　　(A) crash, but they have also ignored demands by the pilots union that the investigation should be expedited　　(B) crash but also ignored demands by the pilots union that the investigation be expedited　　(C) crash but have ignored demands for expediting the investigation by the pilots' union　　(D) crash, but they are also ignoring the pilots' union's demands to expedite the investigation　　(E) crash: the demands by the pilots' union that the investigation should be expedited have also been ignored　　20. Wynton and Branford Marsalis, brothers who have fused the complex rhythms of contemporary jazz with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown, are fitting symbols of the New Orleans jazz revival.　　(A) Wynton and Branford Marsalis, brothers who have fused the complex rhythms of contemporary jazz with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown, are fitting symbols of the New Orleans jazz revival.　　(B) Wynton and Branford Marsalis are brothers, have fused the complex rhythms of contemporary jazz with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown, and are fitting symbols of the New Orleans jazz revival.　　(C) The Marsalis brothers, Wynton and Branford, have fused the complex　　rhythms of contemporary jazz with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown, which is a fitting symbol of the New Orleans jazz revival.　　(D) Fusing the rhythms of contemporary jazz, which are complex, with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown, Wynton and Branford Marsalis are a fitting symbol of the New Orleans jazz revival.　　(E) A fitting symbol of the New Orleans jazz revival are brothers Wynton and Branford Marsalis, who fuse the complex rhythms of contemporary jazz with the rollicking musical legacy of their hometown.21. After Queen Isabella asked Admiral Columbus to describe the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti), which was newly discovered, he had reached for a sheet of paper, crumpled it, and said, "It looks like that-beyond the mountains, more mountains."　　(A) After Queen Isabella asked Admiral Columbus to describe the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti), which was newly discovered, he had reached　　(B) On being asked to describe the new discovery of the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti) by Queen Isabella, Admiral Columbus, reaching　　(C) Queen Isabella asked Admiral Columbus to describe the newly discovered island of Hispaniola (now Haiti), then he reached　　(D) When asked by Queen Isabella to describe the newly discovered island of Hispaniola (now Haiti), Admiral Columbus reached　　(E) After Queen Isabella had asked Admiral Columbus to describe the discovery of the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti), he had reached　　22. Sculptor Alexander Calder, who often made use of old pieces of junk in his art and also believed in recycling at home; he once turned a broken goblet into a dinner bell and a cake mold into a lamp.　　(A) Sculptor Alexander Calder, who often made use of old pieces of junk in his art and also believed in recycling at home; he　　(B) Alexander Calder, for whom old pieces of junk was often made into sculpture, believed in recycling at home and　　(C) A believer in recycling at home, sculptor Alexander Calder often made use for old pieces of junk in his art; he　　(D) Alexander Calder, for whom sculpture was often made from old pieces of junk, also believed in recycling at home, for example, he　　(E) Sculptor Alexander Calder, who often made use of old pieces of junk in his art, also believed in recycling at home; he　　23. A special Japanese green tea called genmai-cha contains brown rice and is considered as a delicacy fit for a gourmet by most Japanese, though it is virtually unavailable outside Yokohama.　　(A) A special Japanese green tea called genmai-cha contains brown rice and is considered as a delicacy fit for a gourmet by most Japanese, though it is　　virtually unavailable outside Yokohama.　　(B) Considered to be a delicacy fit for a gourmet by most Japanese, genmai-cha is a special green tea that contains brown rice, virtually unavailable outside Yokohama.　　(C) A special Japanese green tea called genmai-cha contains brown rice and is considered a gourmet delicacy by most Japanese, though it is virtually unavailable outside Yokohama.　　(D) Most Japanese consider genmai-cha, a special green tea which contains brown rice, as a delicacy virtually unavailable outside Yokohama.　　(E) Though virtually unavailable outside Yokohama, most Japanese consider genmai-cha, a special green tea that contains brown rice, a gourmet delicacy.　　24. The endurance and consistency of baseball star Lou Gehrig, known as "The Iron Horse," are legendary.　　(A) The endurance and consistency of baseball star Lou Gehrig, known as "The Iron Horse," are legendary.　　(B) The endurance and consistency of Lou Gehrig, a baseball star known as "The Iron Horse," is legendary.　　(C) Known as "The Iron Horse," the endurance and consistency of Lou Gehrig, the baseball star, is legendary.　　(D) The reason baseball star Lou Gehrig is known as "The Iron Horse" is because of his legendary endurance and consistency.　　(E) Known as "The Iron Horse," baseball star Lou Gehrig's endurance and consistency are legendary.　　25. Income in a single year is a very poor guide to income and wealth over even a few years, much less a lifetime; in the longer run, a tax on what people spend is therefore not much different than a tax on their income.　　(A) than a tax on their income　　(B) from a tax on what they earn　　(C) than taxing income　　(D) from the income tax　　(E) than a tax on what people earn　　Keys:　　1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. E 9. D 10. E 11. A 12. B 13. E 14. C 15. E 16. E 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. E 23. C 24. A 25. B

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（2）

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（2）　　1. Not all employment selection mechanisms that have a "disparate effect," that is, that screens out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate to their presence in the relevant labor market, are unlawful. 　　(A) that is, that screens out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate to　　(B) which means, that screens out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate with　　(C) which means, that screen out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate with　　(D) that is, that screen out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate to　　(E) that is, that screens out a percentage of minorities or women disproportionate with　　2. Modern critics are amused by early scholars' categorizing Tacitus's Germania as an ethnographic treatise.　　(A) scholars' categorizing Tacitus's Germania as　　(B) scholars' categorizing Tacitus's Germania as if　　(C) scholars, categorizing of Tacitus's Germania as　　(D) scholars who categorize Tacitus's Germania as　　(E) scholars who categorize Tacitus's Germania if　　3. It may be that by focusing primarily on a patient's mental condition and on vague and often very speculative psychodynamic factors, predictions about the patient's future behavior decrease in accuracy.　　(A) predictions about the patient's future behavior decrease in accuracy　　(B) mental health professionals lessen the accuracy of their predictions about the patient's future behavior　　(C) the accuracy of predictions about the patient's future behavior lessens　　(D) a decrease in accuracy is seen in predictions about the patient's future behavior can be predicted less accurately　　(E) the patient's future behavior can be predicted less accurately　　4. Under the new corporate insurance policy, when an employer is charged for damages to a third party wholly or largely as a result of actions by an employee, he is entitled to recoup the amount of the damages.　　(A) he is entitled to recoup　　(B) the employer is entitled to recoup　　(C) he or she is entitled to recoup　　(D) he is entitled to recoup for　　(E) the employer is entitled to recoup for　　5. In presenting his modus vivendi proposal, Lansing implied that the American government accepted the German view that armed merchant vessels were warships: however, when the proposal was dropped by the Wilson administration, it seemed to be reverting to the British view on this question.　　(A) when the proposal was dropped by the Wilson administration, it　　(B) after it was dropped, the Wilson administration　　(C) by dropping the proposal, the Wilson administration　　(D) the Wilson administration dropped the proposal when it　　(E) when they dropped the proposal, the Wilson administration6. The 19th-century proponents of the school of thought known as mechanism held that life process are not the products of some mysterious life force, but are the same chemical and physical processes that operate in inorganic systems, which is still a subject of debate between biologists today.　　(A) systems, which is still a subject of debate between　　(B) systems, which are still debated between　　(C) systems still debated among　　(D) systems, a theory still debated by　　(E) systems, a theory still debated between　　7. Less detrimental than the effects of bacterial transformation is the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding, decay of wood, and other undesirable alterations of substances.　　(A) is the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding　　(B) are the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding　　(C) is the effects of bacterial deterioration, which include spoilage of food, metals corroding　　(D) are the effects of bacterial deterioration, which includes spoilage of food, corrosion of metals　　(E) are the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, corrosion of metals　　8. One pervasive theory explains the introduction of breakfast cereals in the early 1900s as a result of the growing number of automobiles, which led to a decline in horse ownership and a subsequent grain glut; by persuading people to eat what had previously been horse feed, market equilibrium was restored.　　(A) by persuading people to eat what had previously been horse feed, market equilibrium was restored　　(B) persuading people to eat what had previously been horse feed restored market equilibrium　　(C) by persuading people to eat what had previously been horse feed, it restored market equilibrium　　(D) the persuasion of people to eat what had previously been horse feed restored market equilibrium　　(E) market equilibrium was restored when people were persuaded to eat former horse feed　　9. Art museums do not usually think of their collections as capital or consider the interest income that would be generated if a portion of the capital would have been invested in another form.　　(A) be generated if a portion of the capital would have been　　(B) have been generated if a portion of the capital would have been　　(C) be generated if a portion of the capital were　　(D) be generated if a portion of the capital was　　(E) be generated if a portion of the capital had been　　10. The work of mathematician Roger Penrose in the early 1970s, on the geometry of what are called aperiodic tiles, turned out to describe the architecture of a previously unknown class of crystals.　　(A) what are called aperiodic tiles, turned out to describe　　(B) what is called aperiodic tiles, describes　　(C) aperiodic tiles, describing　　(D) so-called aperiodic tiles, describe　　(E) aperiodic tiles, it turned out to describe11. There are more than forty newspapers published in the cities of Kerala, a state on the Malabar Coast, which reflects the fact that Keralans are by far India's most literate citizens.　　(A) which reflects　　(B) and that number reflects　　(C) which reflect　　(D) that number reflects　　(E) that reflects　　12. Stars like the sun can continue to shine steadily for billions of years because its light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion, in which titanic releases of energy result in the loss of only tiny amounts of mass.　　(A) its light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion, in which　　(B) nuclear fusion produces its light and heat, in which　　(C) nuclear fusion produces their light and heat, where　　(D) its light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion, where　　(E) their light and heat are produced by nuclear fusion, in which　　13. After the Vietnam war Bettye Granther, a U.S. Army nurse, continued her efforts on behalf of injured Vietnamese children, providing medical care, helping to reunite estranged families, and the establishment of a fund for the children's future education.　　(A) the establishment of a fund for the children's future education　　(B) the establishing of a fund for the future education of children　　(C) establishing a fund for the children's future education　　(D) establishing a fund for the childrens' future education　　(E) the establishment of a fund for the childrens' future education　　14. The Western world's love affair with chocolate is well-documented: few people have been known to have tasted it for the first time without requesting more.　　(A) few people have been known to have tasted it　　(B) few having been known to taste it　　(C) it has been tasted by few people　　(D) few people have been known to taste it　　(E) few people having tasted it　　15. The increased popularity and availability of televisions has led to the decline of regional dialects, language variations which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated by geographic isolation.　　(A) which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated　　(B) that originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated　　(C) originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated　　(D) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated　　(E) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuating16. The group called the Teton Sioux inhabits parts of North and South Dakota; their language and customs differ, however, from the Yankton, Sisseton, and Dakota Sioux.　　(A) their language and customs differ, however, from　　(B) its language and customs differ, however, from　　(C) however, they have different language and customs than　　(D) however, their language and customs differ from those of　　(E) its language and customs differ, however, from those of　　17. During the first nine months of 1979, textbook publishers incurred substantial costs for creating products that, due to a decline in public funding for instructional material, never were sold.　　(A) funding for instructional material, never were　　(B) funding for instructional material, never was　　(C) funding, the instructional material, was never　　(D) funding for instructional material, the products were never　　(E) funding, they were never　　18. Ancient Romans found it therapeutic to bathe in cold milk, in strawberries that had been crushed, or in bathtubs filled with black caviar.　　(A) to bathe in cold milk, in strawberries that had been crushed, or in bathtubs filled with black caviar　　(B) that they bathe in cold milk, in strawberries that had been crushed, or in caviar that was black　　(C) to bathe in cold milk, crushed strawberries, or black caviar　　(D) that they bathe in cold milk, crushed strawberries, or black caviar　　(E) to bathe in milk , strawberries, or caviar　　19. Balzac drank more than fifty cups of coffee a day and died of caffeine poisoning; furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother Samuel Johnson, the great writer and lexicographer, who was reported to have drunk twenty-five cups of tea at one sitting.　　(A) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother　　(B) however, caffeine did not seem to bother　　(C) however, caffeine did not seem to have bothered　　(D) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to have bothered　　(E) in addition, caffeine did not seem to bother　　20. Because of the business community's uncertainty about the President's position in regard to the issue of the budget deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rates has occurred.　　(A) in regard to the issue of the budget deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rates has　　(B) on the deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rates has　　(C) regarding the budgetary deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rates have　　(D) on the deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rates have　　(E) regarding the deficit, an unanticipated rise in interest rats have21. A peculiar feature of the embryonic mammalian circulatory system is that in the area of the heart the cells adhere to one another, beating in unison and adopting specialized orientations exclusive of one another.　　(A) beating in unison and adopting　　(B) they beat in unison while adopting　　(C) beat in unison, and adopt　　(D) beating in unison yet adopting　　(E) even though they beat in unison and adopt　　22. As recently as 1950, tuberculosis was never curable unless sequestered in sanitariums; today, the drug Isoniazid has made such treatment obsolete.　　(A) unless sequestered　　(B) without sequestering　　(C) without being sequestered　　(D) unless it was sequestered　　(E) unless patients were sequestered　　23. Newcomers to southern California are surprised to discover that, in spite of the temperate climate, heating bills are as high, or higher than, those in most Midwestern or eastern cities.　　(A) as high, or higher than, those in　　(B) as high, or higher than,　　(C) as high as, or higher than,　　(D) at least as high as those in　　(E) no lower than　　24. Through the years, the exquisitely subtle flavors and superb richness of Kenyan coffee has attracted an international following of discerning consumers.　　(A) the exquisitely subtle flavors and superb richness of Kenyan coffee has　　(B) the coffee of Kenya, with its exquisitely subtle and superbly rich flavors, have　　(C) the exquisitely subtle, superbly rich flavors of Kenyan coffee are what has　　(D) Kenyan coffee's superb richness and exquisite subtlety of flavor has　　(E) the exquisitely subtle flavors and superb richness of Kenyan coffee have　　25. Cut-paper design, a popular pastime of Colonial women, became an art form in the hands of Abigail Lefferts Lloyd, a Revolutionary War heroine.　　(A) design, a popular pastime of colonial women, became an art form in the hands of　　(B) design, a popular Colonial women's pastime, and it became an art form in the hands of　　(C) design was a popular pastime for Colonial women, then it became an art form in the hands of　　(D) design is a popular pastime of Colonial women that has become an art form by　　(E) design, the popular Colonial pastime, became an art form for　　Keys:　　1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. E 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. E 13. C 14. D 15. D 16. E 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. D 22.E 23. D 24. E 25. A

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（1）

2005年GMAT机考语法(SC)真题含答案（1）　　1. Revered by an ill-informed citizenry, the Duke of York was feted opulently for several months before there was denunciation and exile. 　　(A) there was denunciation and exile　　(B) he was to be denounced with exile　　(C) being denounced and exiled　　(D) denunciation and his exile　　(E) being exiled, having been denounced　　2. By analyzing the advanced olfactory apparatus of Pleistocene chordates, paleozoologists have discovered a link between the brain's regions of scent discrimination and its regions of long-term memory storage, a link that could prove invaluable in the treatment of amnesia victims.　　(A) paleozoologists have discovered a link between the brain's regions of scent discrimination and its regions of long-term memory storage　　(B) a link between the brain's regions of scent discrimination and its regions of long-term memory storage has been discovered by paleozoologists　　(C) there is a link that paleozoologists have discovered between the brain's regions of scent discrimination and its regions of long-term memory storage　　(D) the discovery of a link between the brain's regions of scent discrimination and its regions of long-term memory storage was made by paleozoologists　　(E) the brain's regions of scent discrimination and long-term memory storage have a link that was discovered by paleozoologists　　3. During the first year after the corporate reorganization, no one considered the management was well-organized; managers were largely untrained and directionless.　　(A) was well-organized　　(B) well-organized　　(C) were well-organized　　(D) seemed to be well-organized　　(E) seemed well-organized　　4. When the prime lending rates went up in 1987, economists determined they would cause interest rates to rise and then decline over the ensuing five-year period.　　(A) they would cause interest rates to rise and then decline　　(B) they would mean that interest rates would rise and then decline　　(C) that they will cause interest rates to rise and then decline　　(D) that the increase would cause interest rates to rise and then decline　　(E) that the increase would cause interest rates' rising and subsequent declining　　5. With its abundance of noun inflections, Icelandic is one of several Germanic languages that is compact when written but can lengthen considerably when translated into English.　　(A) is compact when written but can lengthen considerably when translated into English　　(B) are compact when they are written, but they can lengthen considerably when they are translated in English　　(C) is compact when written but can lengthen considerably when being translated into English　　(D) are compact when written but can lengthen considerably in English translation　　(E) is compact when it is written but can lengthen considerably when translated in English6. One of Arthur Jessop's first acts as president of the FHA was to deny a request from the private sector that federal home loan programs should be expanded to cover houses not conforming to civil construction codes.　　(A) should be expanded to cover houses not conforming to　　(B) be expanded to cover houses not conforming to　　(C) should be expand to cover houses not conforming with　　(D) would have been expanded to cover houses not conforming to　　(E) had to be expanded to cover houses not conforming with　　7. Dental caries and gingivitis can be exacerbated not only by the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat them.　　(A) not only by the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat them　　(B) by not only the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat them　　(C) not only by the foods patients eat but also by time when the foods are eaten　　(D) by not only the foods that are eaten by patients but also by the times the foods are eaten　　(E) not only by what patients eat but also by when they eat it　　8. For most consumers, the price of automobile insurance continues to rise annually, even if free of damage claims and moving violations.　　(A) even if　　(B) despite being　　(C) even if they are　　(D) although they may be　　(E) even if remaining　　9. It was an increase in reported cases of malaria along the Gulf Coast that in 1921 led the health authorities' granting a permit for experimentation with human subjects to the group that later would be called by the name of Unimedco.　　(A) authorities' granting a permit for experimentation with human subjects to the group that later would be called by the name of　　(B) authorities' granting a permit for experimentation with human subjects to the group that later to be called by the name of　　(C) authorities' granting a permit for experimentation using human subjects to the group that later would be called by the name of　　(D) authorities to grant a permit for human experimentation to the group later called　　(E) authorities to grant a permit for human experimentation to the group that later would be called by the name of10. Most primates are immune to feline rhinovirus, but a specific group, this being the golden macaques, are highly susceptible to the organism.　　(A) a specific group, this being the golden macaques, are highly susceptible to　　(B) a specific group, the golden macaques, is highly susceptible to　　(C) one group, specifically golden macaques, is highly susceptible of　　(D) a specific group, the golden macaques, which are highly susceptible to　　(E) a specific group, the golden macaques, which are highly susceptible of　　11. Marketing researchers have found that, because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as Northeasterners, the two varieties of commercially prepared coleslaw most popular in New York City and Boston are virtually ignored by consumers in Richmond and Raleigh.　　(A) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as　　(B) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage with　　(C) because many residents of the Southeast do not have the same ethnic heritage as　　(D) due to many residents of the Southeast not sharing the same ethnic heritage with　　(E) whereas many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as　　12. Darwin was not the first to advance a theory of evolution; his tremendous originality lay in the fact that he proposed the idea of natural selection as the means by which evolution worked.　　by Gemj http://www.chasedream.com/　　(A) lay in the fact that he proposed the idea　　(B) lay in the fact of his proposing the idea　　(C) laid in the fact of his proposing the idea　　(D) laid in his proposal　　(E) lay in his proposal　　13. In spite of continuing national trends toward increased consumption of specialty foods, agronomists in the Midwest foresee a gradual reversion to the raising of agricultural staples: feed corn and hard red wheat.　　(A) a gradual reversion to the raising of agricultural staples　　(B) that a gradual reversion back will feature the raising of agricultural staples　　(C) a gradual reversion back to the raising of agricultural staples again　　(D) a gradual reversion to raise agricultural staples　　(E) a gradual reversion into the raising of agricultural staples　　14. A little under a million years ago, the briny waters of the Baltic Sea began flooding into the cold North Atlantic: geologists are still debating whether the flood was gradual or created a cataclysm.　　(A) whether the flood was gradual or created a cataclysm　　(B) if the flood was gradual or created a cataclysm　　(C) about whether the flood was gradual or cataclysmic　　(D) whether the flood was gradual or cataclysmic　　(E) whether the flood was gradual or it created a cataclysm　　15. Since 1975 the number of women in upper-level management in American corporations have increased by 25 percent; female executives' salaries, however, still lag behind those of their male counterparts.　　(A) have increased by 25 percent; female executives' salaries, however, still lag　　(B) has increased by 25 percent, however much their salaries lag　　(C) have increased 25 percent; female executives' salaries, however, still have lagged　　(D) has increased by 25 percent; female executives' salaries, however, still lag　　(E) have increased 25 percent; their salaries, however, still lag16. Adult survivors of child abuse traditionally have had little or no chance that they could get their symptoms recognized and treated.　　(A) that they could get their symptoms recognized and treated　　(B) to recognize and treat their symptoms　　(C) of getting their symptoms recognized and treated　　(D) of recognizing and treating symptoms　　(E) of getting his or her symptoms recognized and treated　　17. Erasmus Montanus, a seventeenth-century farce written by Ludwig Holberg, both predates and resembles Moliere's Tartuffe and is therefore thought to be one of Moliere's sources.　　(A) both predates and resembles　　(B) it both predates and resembles　　(C) both predated and resembles　　(D) has both predated and resembled　　(E) because it both predated and resembled　　18. To maintain a high demand for their product, the manufacturers first took over the marketing and sales functions previously performed by outside agents; next, they began changing their advertising campaigns monthly to keep pace with the rapid changes in consumers' lives.　　(A) they began changing　　(B) this began changing　　(C) the former began changing　　(D) to begin changing　　(E) to change　　19. The last "wild" Indian in North America, according to anthropologist Alfred Kroeber, was the lone survivor of California's lost Yahi tribe, which staggered out of the mountains near Lassen Peak in 1912, deep in mourning for the last of his companions, expecting to be butchered and eaten by white ranchers.　　(A) which　　(B) who　　(C) that　　(D) the survivor having　　(E) having　　20. Studies of circadian rhythms can be applied to problems ranging from chronic insomnia in frequent transcontinental air travelers to workers in all-night plants being inefficient.　　(A) to workers in all-night plants being inefficient　　(B) toward workers in all-night plants being inefficient　　(C) to workers in all-night plants who are inefficient　　(D) to combat worker inefficiency in all-night plants　　(E) to decreased efficiency among workers in all-night plants21. Over five thousand years ago, archaeologists have discovered that Mesopotamian cooks were preparing chicken with coriander and tamarind, just as Egyptian cooks are still doing today.　　(A) Over five thousand years ago, archaeologists have discovered that　　(B) Over five thousand years ago, archaeologists had discovered that　　(C) Archaeologists have discovered that, over five thousand years ago,　　(D) Over five thousand years ago, as archaeologists have discovered it,　　(E) Archaeologists have discovered, over five thousand years ago, that　　22. According to Henry David Thoreau, the reason a majority is allowed to rule is not that it is more likely to be right, but because it is stronger.　　(A) the reason a majority is allowed to rule is not that it is more likely to be right, but because it is stronger　　(B) a majority is allowed to rule not because it is more likely to be right, but because it is stronger　　(C) the reason for majority rule is not because they are more likely to be right, they are stronger　　(D) the majority is allowed to rule because of its strength, not because it is more likely to be right　　(E) the reason why the majority rules is that it is strong, not because it is likely to be right　　23. Ideally, the professional career diplomat should help in the ongoing maintenance of an effective American foreign policy despite changes in administration.　　(A) in the ongoing maintenance of　　(B) in the maintaining of　　(C) maintain　　(D) to maintain and continue　　(E) the maintenance of　　24. Even astronomers were amazed at the success of the Neptune flyby, which produced a photograph of a previously undetected moon; this is likely to result in increased governmental support for the hitherto neglected U.S. space program.　　(A) this is likely to result in　　(B) that will cause　　(C) and which is likely to result in　　(D) this success is likely to result in　　(E) it is likely to result with　　25. Seeming to be one of the few corporations diversified enough to survive the recession, many shareholders ignored the drop in third-quarter profits and invested even more heavily in Emco.　　(A) Seeming to be　　(B) As if　　(C) In that they seemed　　(D) Although it seemed　　Keys:　　1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. E 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. E 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. E 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. E